Patients with Disabilities
An in-depth visual assessment is critical for patients with diabilities. We focus on making the experience most effective, yet comfortable.
Vision problems can significantly impact individuals with disabilities, including Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Down Syndrome (DS), Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD), and other developmental delays. Despite being common in these populations, vision issues often go undiagnosed, affecting the development of their visual skills.
When vision is not functioning properly, it will cause or even exacerbate certain behavior, interfere with reading and learning performance, and impact daily routine tasks. A dysfunctional visual system can present itself with symptoms that may not seem linked or related to the eyes. These symptoms can mirror the symptoms of other specific diagnoses and, therefore, not be attributed to a vision dysfunction.
Below are common symptoms of a vision problem that indicates the need for a functional vision exam with a Developmental Optometrist:
Omits, skips, rereads words or lines when reading
Poor reading comprehension
Tilts head/closes one eye when reading
Poor attention and difficulty concentrating
Dislikes or avoids near work
Difficulty copying from board
One eye turns in or out (Strabismus)
Motion sickness
Unable to listen and look at same time
Poor eye contact
Poor handwriting, writes uphill or downhill
Visual perceptual problems
Clumsy or prone to tripping
Reduced sports performance
Avoids ball sports or playgrounds
Skills Necessary for Efficient Visual Function
Visual Acuity
When a person has clear vision in one eye but blurry vision in the other, the issue can often go unnoticed by others. An undiagnosed visual acuity deficit can result in poor performance in school and sports. It also increases the effort needed to use the visual system, leading to avoidance and frustration in completing daily tasks.
Eye Tracking
Tracking is the ability to move the eyes from point to point when reading, while processing the information at the same time. When the eyes don’t track efficiently for visual tasks, letters, numbers, and text can look jumbled up and, therefore, get mixed up. This makes it difficult to sustain attention or focus on a task.
Eye Teaming
If the eyes are unable to work together efficiently as a team, they are at risk of causing eye misalignment, or even an eye turn. This leads to difficulty with sustaining attention which impacts school and sports performance.
Depth Perception
Being able to judge depth accurately is important for many life skills including driving. When depth perception is impaired due to poor eye alignment, the visual system struggles to orient the body in space. This results in dislike or avoidance of ball sports and playgrounds.
Available Treatment Options
Prism Lenses
These special types of lenses support the performance of the visual system by moving light to a position most comfortable for the eyes which relieves visual stress. They may further support the development of binocular vision while the patient is engaged in other therapies.
SHAW Lenses
These unique iseikonic (image balancing) lenses relieve visual stress induced by prescriptions that are significantly different between the two eyes. By equalizing the image size that the brain is receiving from both eyes while using SHAW lenses we are effectively building binocular function.
Binasal Occlusion
This form of partial occlusion often replaces the need for patching to allow for enhanced peripheral awareness and prevention of cross fixation in esotropic (crossed eye) patients. It is very well tolerated by the patient and is an effective adjunct therapy.
Vision Therapy
An effective program to enhance and improve the visual function. It is fully customized to each patient’s needs and is designed to enhance and strengthen visual skills. This allows the patient’s visual system to interpret visual input with increased accuracy and ease.
Treatment Outcomes
Treatments that may include special eyeglass prescriptions or vision therapy can facilitate reading and learning performance, minimize the challenges that the patient faces daily, and improve the success of other interventions. With improvements in their visual function, these patients will be given a greater chance to achieve what their families may have thought would never be possible.
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